Liquid-fuel burner



April 27 1926. r 1,582,059

H. c. LITTLE LI QUI D FUEL BURNER Filed June 2, 1925 -E.d'*|l'.'.'.'.m.

- jag:

Q? INVENTtOQR II a O 5 v I I 4 i 1 1, 51 ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 27, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.v

HARRY C. LITTLE, OF LARK SPUR, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO ROTAIR BURNER COR- PORATION, .A CORPORATION OF NEVADA.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

Application filed June 2,1925.

T all IIIIOIH it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY C. LITTLE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Larkspur, county of Marin, and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Liquid-Fuel Burners, of

which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to liquid fuel burners constructed and designed to vaporize the fuel, whereby more complete combustion and efficiency is obtained.

The'primary: object of this invention is to provide a liquid fuel burnerof novel construction whereby the vaporization-and more complete combustionof thefuel is obtained without the usual accumulation of carbon and soot.

Another object of this invention is to provide a liquid fuel .burner of novel construction'and design adapted to produce more complete combustion of the cheaper grades of fuel oil.

Another object of this invention is to provide a liquid fuel burner which may be conveniently used in ranges, furnaces and heating systems without change or alteration inthe construction thereof.

Another object of this invention is to provide a liquid fuel burner adapted to cause the admitted air to assume a whirling motion, thereby affording a novel means for obtaining more complete and satisfactory combustion.

A further object of this invention is to provide a liquid fuel burner in which the amount of the admitted air may be conveniently regulated. i

A further object of this invention is to provide a liquid fuel burner in which the damaged or worn outv parts may be con- 'veniently replaced without discarding or p replacing the other parts thereof.

Further advantages and objects, more or less apparent, will be pointed out hereinafter, reference being made to the accompanying drawings in which like numerals of reference indicate the same parts throughout the several views.

Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional view through a liquid fuel burner embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the liquid fuel burner. i

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the combustion chamber.

Serial No. 34,343.

Fig. tie a side elevation of the damper means used in regulating the air admitted to the inside of the burner.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral l represents a cylinder of any suitable size, having a plurality of fins or projections 1 extending circumferentially around it and divided diagonally into two sections 1 and 1". The two sections 1 and 1 are so constructed that the former is positioned above the latter, thereby forming the cylinder 1.

Attached to section 1 by means of bolts 2 and nuts 3 is a bottom 4:, upon the upper surface of whichis an annular projection 5, suitable in size to fit around the lower inside edge of the section 1". The bottom 4 is also provided with the two diametrically opposite flanged portions 6 which pro ject outwardly from the projections 5, and with a hole 4 which allows the unburned fuel toescape. The flanged portions 6 serve to support the bottom 4 and the lower section 1", as will be hereinafter described. The bottom 4 is further'provided with a plurality of radial projections 7, which are located on the bottom surface thereof and extend from the center of the bottom to the outside edge thereof, and serve as a means for preventing the bottom from becoming overheated.

Resting on the upper surface of bottom 4 and supported thereon bylugs 8 is a combustion plate 9 which is provided on its outward edge with a raised portion 10 which extends oircumferentially around the same.

The raised portion 10 serves as a means for holding the oil on the combustion plate 9 in the event it is not burned readily. The combustion plate is also provided with a projection 11, to which is secured a circular disc 12, that serves as a means to vaporize the fuel when the disc becomes heated.

-Resting on section 1 is a top 13 which is provided with large opening 14 and a downwardly projecting portion 15 which extends circumferentially inside the section 1 The projecting portion 15 is provided with a plurality of outward extending projections 16 1 which serve to hold the to in place on the section 1" and also to pro uce air channels 17 whereby air may be admitted to the inside of the cylinder 1 through ports 17" located in the top 13. Located on the upper surface of top 13 are a' lurality of tangential fins 18 which exten outwardly from the large opening it and serve to provide openings 19 for admitting air to the opening 11 in a series of tangential jets, thereby causing a whirling and turbulent motion of air to be set up in opening 14 The top 13 is provided with a circunrterential projection 13 on which are integrally termed four cam-like projections 13". Resting upon the tangential tins 1S and provid ing a means tor enclosing the top of open ings 19, is a flanged circular ring 20. ltest- .F, mg on the top 13 directly over ports ll 15 a circular damper ring 21 which serves as a means for regulating the amount of air to be admitted through ports 17 The damper ring 21 is provided with a plurality of openings 22 which correspond in number and size to the number and size of ports 17", and its operation will be hereinafter explained.

The cylinder 1 together with the above named and numbered parts is located between a top housing plate 23 and a lower housing plate 2-1, which said plates hold a sheet metal casing 25 in place by means of bolts 26 and nuts 27. The top housing plate 23 serves to support section 1 by means of bolts 23 and nuts 23*. The top housing plate has thereon an upward projection 28, circular in shape, wl nch serves as a guide for flanged circular r ng 20. The grooved edge 2) of top housing plate 23 serves as a means for holding the sheet metal casing 25 in place when the bolts and nuts are secured to the top and bottom housing plates.

Supported on the underneath side of the top housing plate 23 by means of a bolt 30 and a nut 31 is a hand lever 32 which is connected to a damper lever 33 by a pin 31. The damper lever 33 is secured to the damper ring 21 and is used to regulate and control the n'iovement of such ring. Supported on the damper lever 33 and connected thereto by means of a pin 35 is another damper lever 36 which is attached to and controls the movement of an inner damper ring 37. The inner damper ring 37 extends circumferentially around top 13 and is provided with four projecting lugs 38, which, when the damper lever 33 is moved, ride up on the four cam projections 13, thereby causing inner damper ring 37 to move in an upward direction and limit the amount of air admitted to openings 19. It can be readily understood that by moving hand levcr 32, both damper rings 21 and 37 are caused to rotate, the damper ring 21 moving in a rotational direct-ion therebyregulating the amount of air admitted through ports 17, and inner damper ring 37 moving in a rotatiomil and vertical direction thereby regulating the amount of air admitted through openings 19. Supported on the upper housing plate 23 is liquid fuel cup 39, pro vided with ovcrtiow outlet 10, which outlet has a projection 11 thereon, that serves the double purpose of holding cup 539 in place on the housing plate 23 and providing a means for allowing any excess fuel to escape from the cup. Attached to the bottom of the cup 39 is a vertical 'lccd pipe 12 connected to a T 13 which is provided with a clean out plug 44. The T 43 is attached to a horizontal teed pipe 45 which enters a circular opening in the section 1, thereby all'ording a means for conducting the fuel trout cup lltl to the center of the cylinder 1. Liquid fuel is supplied lrom a source to cup 37 by means ol valve 46. thereafter passing through 'l'eed pipe =12, T 13, and feed pipe -15, to the center cylinder, 1, where it drips on circular disc The bottom housing plate 21 is provided on each side thereof with an upper projecting edge 17 which serves as a track for supporting and guiding the section l The two flanged portions 6 of bottom 4- rest on the edges 47, each of which is provided with a lug 48 thereon, the lugs 48 acting as a stop means for causing the section 1" to register with section 1 when the flanged portions (1 come into contact with the lugs. The edges 47 also serve as a side to the inclined bottom 49 of the lower housing plate 21, thus forming a pan and providing a means tor causing any overflow of fuel from cup 3!) and from the cylinder to drain to an opening 51) through which it may escape. On the outside edge of the lower housing plate 24 is a groove edge 51 similar in size and shape to groove 29 of upper housing plate 23 into which the lower edge of metal casing 25 is inserted. A handle 52 is secured to section 1, and serves as a means [or convenientlv witlalrawing the section 1". i

The operation ot' my improved oil burner may be described briefly as follows: The entire unit as shown is designed to be placed in the ash pit of the heating apparatus, turnace or boiler to be heated, care being taken that means for providing a suitable draft. and supply of air exists therein.

Liquid fuel is admitted through the valve 46 to the cup 39 from whence it proceeds through the feed pipes 42 and 45 to the center of the cylinder 1, where it falls on to disc 12. The vapor from this oil is ignited by touching a match to a bit of scrap paper thrown into the cylinder. The heat of this combustion causes a draft which very readily starts the oil vaporizing and combustion process. The disc 12, by reason of its being elevated above the combustion plate 9 and because it is located in the center of the cyl inder 1, becomes highly heated and the liquid fuel falling thereon is instantly changed to a gaseous state. To withstand the high ten'iperature it reaches, the combustion plate 9 and disc 12 are preferably made from a special high temperature steel alloy.

loo

\ comparativclv cool air between the tire and the sides ot' the cylinder 1. By reason of the projections 1" being locatcd on the outside of the cylinder. it is further kept below a destructive temperature.

The combustion gases tormcd inside the cylinder '1. passing out through the large opening 14- causes the air outside of the cylinder to be drawn inside thereof through openings It) in a series of tangential jets, thereby setting up a whirling turbulent action of air at; this point. The reason for admitting air to the cylinder at; this point; is to set up this turbulent and whirling action of air so as to aid combustion, which combustion, due to the whirling action, develops centrifugal force which causes the flame to spread out over a much larger area than otherwise. Another reason for admit.- ting air at this point .is to supply air which, passing over and through the burner top, litQtdl'lOS heated, and readily mixes with and combines with any unburned gases, and also to keep the top 13 below a destructive temperature.

The amount of air necessary for satisfactory combustion may be regulated by the manipulation of handle which operates the damper rings governing the size, of openings through which the, admitted air passes. The novel construction of the cylindcr 1 in two sections 1 and 1, permits the convenient withdrawal of section 1" by means of handle 52, thereby permitting its being cleaned without the disconnection or remo *al of any of the parts located above it.

Although I have shown and described the coml'mstion chamber of the burner to be cylindrical in shape, it is evident that other suitable forms may be utilized with equal satisfaction. Therefore I do not desire to be limited to the cylindrical shape of the combustion chamber as shown on the drawings, itbeing understood that. my invention, having the novel features connected there with. may assume any suitable form.

While l'have shown and described the liquid fuel burner as embodying certain details of construction now best known to me, it will be understood that this is for illustrating the inmortant principles of the invention, and that modifications and changes may be made in the details of the construction without departing l'rom the spirit ol the invention. lherel'ore I do not: wish to be understood as limiting urvsclt except as requirel by the 'l'ollowiug claims when construed in the light; of the prior art. l-laving thus described my in vention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letter Pat ent is- 'l. A liquid fuel burner having a combustion chamber therein, a removable bottom therefor having an upwardly extending flange around its edge adjacent and within the wall of the burner, an oil receiving pan on the bottom having an upwardly cxtcnd jug rim flange of less height than the said bottom flange, and a hot plate supported in and elevated above the pan.

A. liquid fuel burner having a combustion chamber therein, a hot plate supported in the chamber in a position raised above the bottom thereof, whereby the same becomes heated and vaporizes oil dropped thereonto, the burner having an overflow hole therethrough to permit the escape of oil therefrom, and a rectangular housing receiving the burner therein and having a downwardly and outwardly sloping bottom for receiving oil from the overflow hole and directing the same outwardly away frm the burner.

23. A liquid fuel burner having a combustion chamber therein, a hot plate supported in the chamber in a position raised above the bottom thereof, whereby the same becomes heated and vaporizes oil drop ed thereonto, the burner having an overflow hole therethrongh to permit the escape of oil therefrom, a rectangular housing receiving the burner therein and having a downwardly and outwardly sloping bottom for receiving oil from the overflow hole and directing the same outwardly away from the burner, and a. pair of tracks in the housing above the bottom for supporting the burner and on which the same can be moved through and removed from the housing.

4. A liquid fuel burner comprising a combustion cylinder provided with a top having a large central passageway upwardly theret-hrough and a plurality of downwardly extending openings into the cylinder near the circumferential edge thereof, the said openings being arranged to direct air downwardly into the cylinder over the inner surface of the walls thereof, means on the top providing av plurality of tangential passages into the said passageway through which air is admitted into the passageway in a tangential directio nand a hot plate at the bottom of the cylinder directly beneath the said passageway for vaporizing oil dropped thereonto.

A liquid fuel burner comprising a com bastion cylinder provided with a top having av large central passageway theret-hrough and a plurality of openings near the cylinder wall, a plurality of tangential fins on the top, and a ring resting on the fins in a manner forming a plurality of tangential passageways between the fins whereby air is the size of the passages made by the tangential fins.

7. A liquid fuel burner comprising a coinbustion-cylinder divided into an upper section and a lower section, a housing for the burner, means. supporting the upper section on the housing, means providing a large central draft passageway upwardly through the upper section and housing, means proriding air passages into the burner and passa eway, tracks carried by the housing and movably carrying the lower section in a manner adapting the lower section to he slid thereon into and out of cooperating relation with the upper section, and oil receiving and vaporizing means within the lower section.

HARRY G. LITTLE. 

